I discuss the role of salt (sodium) in the nervous system and the key role that it plays in mental performance, physical performance and health. I explain how the brain senses salt levels in our body and how that relates to our feelings of thirst. I cover the physiology of the renal system and the hormones that control sodium and water balance in our body. I also explore how salt interacts with stress and our immune systems and its crucial role in neuron function. Additionally, I examine research findings suggesting that some individuals might benefit from increased intake of sodium and other electrolytes (magnesium and potassium) to enhance mental performance, lessen anxiety, and offset dizziness. Yet, other people may need less sodium. I discuss how you can determine your optimal sodium intake and why sodium intake levels need to be uniquely tailored to an individual’s lifestyle. Finally, I explain how salt creates ‘hidden’ sugars in many processed foods and the problems that can create. Throughout the episode, I explain peer-reviewed findings outlining salt’s essential role in overall health and describe general recommendations and tools anyone can use to find their optimal salt balance and thereby enhance their brain and body’s performance.For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com.Thank you to our sponsorsAG1: https://athleticgreens.com/hubermanLMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/hubermanlabWaking Up: https://wakingup.com/hubermanMomentous: https://livemomentous.com/hubermanTimestamps

Role of Salt

Neuropod Cells, Artificial Sweeteners & ‘Hidden’ Cravings

Sponsors: AG1, Thesis

Salt Regulation

How the Brain Senses Salt

Salt & Thirst

Blood Pressure & Thirst

Kidneys & Urine Regulation

Vasopressin: Roles in Libido & Urination

How Much Salt Do You Need?

Should You Increase Your Salt Intake?

Tools: Determining Your Individual Salt Intake

Iodine, Sea Salt

Salt: Roles in Stress & Anxiety

Other Electrolytes: Magnesium & Potassium

Tools: Effects of Low-carbohydrate Diets & Caffeine

General Recommendations for Salt Intake

Perception of Salt & Sugar Taste, Processed Foods

Role of Sodium in Neuronal Function, Action Potentials

Dehydration

What Salt Intake is Best for You?