Unchained
Unchained
Laura Shin
How the x402 Standard Is Enabling AI Agents to Pay Each Other - Ep. 948
1 hour 6 minutes Posted Nov 15, 2025 at 2:00 pm.
Introduction
What x402 is—and the problem it finally solves for the internet
How today’s payment rails work vs. how x402 reimagines them
Why Sam says the developer experience is “fundamentally better”
How x402 stays chain-agnostic
How Sam got into x402 and what x402scan enables
Some of the most interesting early use cases
How x402 works on the backend and why users shouldn’t see any of it
Why x402 is becoming a Foundation + the Cloudflare partnership
What the future of payments could look like in an AI-native world
How x402 could also work with fiat, not just stablecoins
How the team is able to charge zero transaction fees
Whether x402 can fix the chargeback problem
Integrations: Payments MCP and Google A2A
How x402 is being used to buy memecoins, and other early apps Sam & Erik love
The challenge of reputation and trustless AI agents
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Show notes
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For decades, the internet has worked without a native way to pay for things. Credit cards were bolted on, platforms built their own integrations, and developers had to stitch together complex payment flows to charge even a few cents for anything.
But with AI agents now making requests, triggering actions, and needing to pay for data or services instantly, that old patchwork is starting to break.
In this episode, Laura Shin speaks with Erik Reppel, Head of Engineering for Coinbase’s Developer Platform, and Sam Ragsdale, founder of Merit Systems, about x402, a new open standard for internet-native payments designed for the AI era.
They discuss why AI has revived a decades-old idea, how x402 works under the hood, why devs say the experience is simpler than traditional payments, and how stablecoins make microtransactions economically viable. They also dive into the big debates: no chargebacks, chain-agnostic design, the shift to a foundation, and how this standard could eventually work with fiat as well.
Guests:
Sam Ragsdale, Founder and CEO of Merit Systems
Erik Reppel, Head of Engineering at Coinbase Developer Platform
Links:
X402
x402scan
ERC-8004: Trustless Agents
Payments MCP: Bringing Wallets, Onramps, and Payments to Every Agent
Google Agentic Payments Protocol + x402: Agents Can Now Actually Pay Each Other
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