SPONSORS:- Go to https://expressvpn.com/theoriesofeverythingyt to find out how you can get up to 4 extra months thanks to our sponsor, ExpressVPN- Accelerate your efficiency. Sign up for your one-dollar-per-month trial today at http://shopify.com/theories - I subscribe to The Economist for their science and tech coverage. As a TOE listener, get 35% off! No other podcast has this: https://economist.com/TOEThis conversation belongs in a category I wish were larger on this channel: the experimentalist who also thinks (deeply) about foundations. Professor Aephraim Steinberg, winner of Physics World’s Breakthrough of the Year in 2011, is that species! For basically 30 years, he’s been measuring aspects of physics that others wouldn’t touch: Bohmian trajectories, Heisenberg’s disturbance bound (he showed it was wrong), even where the photon is inside the double slit (which most textbooks will tell you is impossible). His lab measured negative time — and it keeps reappearing across completely different experiments, stubbornly suggesting it means something.FOLLOW:- Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4gL14b92xAErofYQA7bU4e- Substack: https://curtjaimungal.substack.com/subscribe- Twitter: https://twitter.com/TOEwithCurt- Discord Invite: https://discord.com/invite/kBcnfNVwqs- Crypto: https://commerce.coinbase.com/checkout/de803625-87d3-4300-ab6d-85d4258834a9- PayPal: https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=XUBHNMFXUX5S4TIMESTAMPS:- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - LINKS MENTIONED:- Aephraim's Website: https://www.physics.utoronto.ca/~aephraim/- Aephraim's Papers: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=PzUyb6IAAAAJ- Photon Negative Time in Atom Cloud [Paper]: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.03680- How Much Time Does a Photon Spend as Atomic Excitation? [Paper]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.00432- Measuring Time Atoms Spend in Excited State [Paper]: https://journals.aps.org/prxquantum/abstract/10.1103/PRXQuantum.3.010314- Tunneling Atom Time in Barrier [Paper]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.13523- Single-Photon Tunneling Time [Paper]: https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.708- Traversal Time for Tunneling [Paper]: https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.49.1739- Propagation of a Gaussian Light Pulse [Paper]: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.1.305- Linear Pulse Propagation in Absorbing Medium [Paper]: https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.48.738- Eighth Velocity of Light [Paper]: https://pubs.aip.org/aapt/ajp/article-abstract/45/6/538/1045817/Eighth-velocity-of-light- Attosecond Ionization [Paper]: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1163439- Tunneling Optical Pulses Photonic Band Gaps [Paper]: https://attoworld.de/fileadmin/user_upload/tx_attoworld/publications/paper_PhysRevLett_Y1994_M10_D24_V73_P2308.pdf- Evidence of Negative Time [Article]: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/evidence-of-negative-time-found-in-quantum-physics-experiment/- Light Speed Reduction [Article]: https://www.nature.com/articles/17561- On the Theory of Light and Colors [Paper]: https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/107113.pdf- Wave Propagation and Group Velocity [Book]: https://amazon.com/dp/1483253937?tag=toe08-20- EPR Paper [Paper]: https://journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/10.1103/PhysRev.47.777- Uncertainty Principle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncertainty_principle- QBism [Paper]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1003.5209More links at https://curtjaimungal.substack.comGuests do not pay to appear. #scienceLearn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices